If you"re asking what I think you"re asking, then you"re dealing with a neutralization reaction.
A neutralization reaction is said khổng lồ take place when a base reacts with an acid to khung salt và water.
In your case, sulfuric acid, #"H"_2"SO"_4#, a strong acid, will react with magnesium hydroxide, #"Mg"("OH")_2#, a weak base, to size aqueous magnesium sulfate, #"MgSO"_4#, and water.
#"Mg"("OH")_ (2(s)) + "H"_ 2"SO"_ (4(aq)) -> "MgSO"_ (4(aq)) + 2"H"_ 2"O"_((l))#
Now, you can get a sense of why this is a neutralization reaction by looking at the net ionic equation.
Magnesium hydroxide is a weak base, which means that it does not dissociate completely in aqueous solution to khung magnesium cations, #"Mg"^(2+)#, và hydroxide anions, #"OH"^(-)#.
Instead, an equilibrium will be established between the undissolved solid & the dissolved ions
#"Mg"("OH")_ (2(s)) rightleftharpoons "Mg"_ ((aq))^(2+) + 2"OH"_((aq))^(-)#
Sulfuric acid, on the other hand, is a strong acid, so it will ionize completely in aqueous solution to release hydrogen ions, #"H"^(+)# ,and sulfate anions, #"SO"_4^(2-)#
#"H"_ 2"SO"_ (4(aq)) -> 2"H"_ ((aq))^(+) + "SO"_(4(aq))^(2-)#
These hydrogen ions will react with the hydroxide anions and essentially neutralize each other, hence why this is a neutralization reaction.
In turn, this will drive magnesium hydroxide"s dissociation equilibrium further to the right, which in turn will produce more hydroxide anions and dissolve the solid.
The magnesium cations & the sulfate anions are spectator ions because they exist as ions on both sides of the equation.
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You will have
#color(red)(cancel(color(black)("Mg"_ ((aq))^(2+)))) + 2"OH"_ ((aq))^(-) + 2"H"_ ((aq))^(+) + color(red)(cancel(color(black)("SO"_ (4(aq))^(2-)))) -> color(red)(cancel(color(black)("Mg"_ ((aq))^(2+)))) + color(red)(cancel(color(black)("SO"_ (4(aq))^(2-)))) + 2"H"_ 2"O"_((l))#
The net ionic equation will thus be
#color(green)(|bar(ul(color(white)(a/a)color(black)(2"OH"_ ((aq))^(-) + 2"H"_ ((aq))^(+) -> 2"H"_ 2"O"_((l)))color(white)(a/a)|)))#
Now, it"s worth noting that a neutralization reaction is actually a particular case of a double replacement reaction.
As you know, double replacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds. In this case, the magnesium cations trade places with the hydrogen cations.